It’s possible you’re missing quite a few other PHP extensions, here’s a quick copy-paste from what I usually install in Ubuntu:
sudo apt install php8.2-common php8.2-mysql php8.2-xml php8.2-xmlrpc php8.2-curl php8.2-gd php8.2-imagick php8.2-cli php8.2-dev php8.2-imap php8.2-mbstring php8.2-opcache php8.2-soap php8.2-zip php8.2-intl php8.2-ldap -y
I also install xdebug in dev environments.