How do I run an upgrade from 8.1 to 8.2 if I do not have access to the command line on the server?
I’m not sure it’s possible, unless you can talk to your provider and convince them to do it.
After some version, I think it’s 8.2, SuiteCRM v8 started having a proper upgrade process, with packages loaded from the UI, as was usual with v7. So you shouldn’t get this same problem after that.
BUT I would never advise running SuiteCRM in such a limited server. Command-line access is essential to troubleshoot and work around problems in SuiteCRM. I always advise people to choose servers with proper SSH access, and it can be done without too much extra expense, if you look around carefully.