Ok. That switch
cd /D
ensures that the command works even if the directory is in a different drive.
Then, that command expects that the XAMPP PHP executable is in the current PATH that Windows searches. If it isn’t, then add it, or else add the full path in the batch file:
cd /D C:\xampp\htdocs\suitecrm
C:\xampp\php\php.exe -f cron.php
That should work, no matter where it is placed.
None of this necessarily has anything to do with the FATAL error you’re seeing.
You might want to run this
C:\xampp\php\php.exe -i
And from the output, check the date.timezone that is effective in CLI, and also exactly which php.ini it’s using (you probably have more than one in your system).